{"id":124,"date":"2024-05-19T12:20:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-19T17:20:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/?p=124"},"modified":"2024-05-19T12:26:52","modified_gmt":"2024-05-19T17:26:52","slug":"implementacion-del-arranque-wye-delta-con-frenado-por-contracorriente-usando-raspberry-pi-pico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/implementacion-del-arranque-wye-delta-con-frenado-por-contracorriente-usando-raspberry-pi-pico\/","title":{"rendered":"Implementaci\u00f3n del Arranque WYE-DELTA con Frenado por Contracorriente Usando Raspberry Pi Pico"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-128\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453-1536x1536.png 1536w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/imagen_2024-05-19_123912453.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introducci\u00f3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>En la ingenier\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica, el m\u00e9todo de arranque WYE-Delta es esencial para el arranque suave de motores de inducci\u00f3n. Este m\u00e9todo mitiga las altas corrientes de irrupci\u00f3n, siendo un pilar en las estrategias de control de motores en diversos sectores industriales y comerciales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el Arranque WYE-DELTA?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>El arranque WYE-Delta es un enfoque controlado para motores de inducci\u00f3n trif\u00e1sicos que reduce la corriente de irrupci\u00f3n y minimiza los picos de par durante el arranque, protegiendo los componentes el\u00e9ctricos de esfuerzos excesivos y posibles da\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplicaciones en la Vida Real<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compresores de aire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ventiladores<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trituradoras<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e1quinas herramientas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sistemas de refrigeraci\u00f3n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagrama de Potencia<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>El proceso de arranque comienza en una configuraci\u00f3n en estrella (WYE) y un temporizador activa la transici\u00f3n a la configuraci\u00f3n en tri\u00e1ngulo (DELTA), desconectando la l\u00ednea WYE. El motor entonces opera en modo DELTA, reduciendo la corriente de arranque y protegiendo el sistema el\u00e9ctrico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"928\" height=\"781\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/image.png 928w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/image-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/files\/2024\/05\/image-768x646.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implementaci\u00f3n con Raspberry Pi Pico<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>La Raspberry Pi Pico se utiliza como el controlador principal para el sistema de arranque WYE-DELTA con frenado por contracorriente. Aqu\u00ed te muestro c\u00f3mo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plataforma de Desarrollo<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>La Raspberry Pi Pico es una placa de desarrollo basada en el microcontrolador RP2040, que ofrece numerosos puertos GPIO y capacidades de programaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conexi\u00f3n con el Motor y Dispositivos de Potencia<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>La Raspberry Pi Pico se conecta al sistema de control del motor a trav\u00e9s de sus pines GPIO, enviando se\u00f1ales de control a los dispositivos de potencia para conmutar entre las configuraciones WYE y DELTA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Programaci\u00f3n en Python<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Se utiliza MicroPython para escribir el software de control en la Raspberry Pi Pico, pues ofrece una sintaxis clara y amigable para implementar la l\u00f3gica de control del sistema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo de Implementaci\u00f3n<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Uun ejemplo b\u00e1sico de c\u00f3mo implementar el arranque y frenado de un motor el\u00e9ctrico usando MicroPython:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import machine\nimport time\n\n# Configuraci\u00f3n de pines GPIO\nstart_pin = machine.Pin(0, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_DOWN)\nbrake_pin = machine.Pin(1, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_DOWN)\n\n# Funci\u00f3n para arrancar el motor\ndef start_motor():\n    print(\"Iniciando motor en modo WYE...\")\n    # C\u00f3digo para activar el modo WYE\n    time.sleep(2)\n    print(\"Cambiando a modo DELTA...\")\n    # C\u00f3digo para cambiar a modo DELTA\n\n# Funci\u00f3n para activar el freno\ndef activate_brake():\n    print(\"Activando freno por contracorriente...\")\n    # C\u00f3digo para detener inmediatamente el motor\n\n# Bucle principal\nwhile True:\n    if start_pin.value() == 1:\n        start_motor()\n    if brake_pin.value() == 1:\n        activate_brake()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Frenado por Contracorriente<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>El frenado por contracorriente detiene r\u00e1pidamente un motor el\u00e9ctrico invirtiendo su rotaci\u00f3n mediante la fuerza electromotriz (EMF) generada por el motor. Un contactor especializado invierte las conexiones de fase del motor, generando par de frenado para detener el motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusi\u00f3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>El m\u00e9todo de arranque WYE-Delta no solo protege el equipo, sino que tambi\u00e9n mejora la eficiencia energ\u00e9tica al minimizar las ca\u00eddas de voltaje y las fluctuaciones de potencia. Aunque ofrece beneficios significativos, es crucial evaluar las necesidades espec\u00edficas de cada aplicaci\u00f3n para determinar su idoneidad, especialmente en aplicaciones que requieren arranques y paradas frecuentes o aceleraciones r\u00e1pidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Referencias<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rockwell Automation. \u00abFundamentals of Control Systems.\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/literature.rockwellautomation.com\/idc\/groups\/literature\/documents\/at\/150-at005_-en-p.pdf\">Rockwell Automation Literature Library<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>F. Mahmood and M. Rahnamaei Hashjin, \u00abStarting Analysis of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors 1000 kW by Variable Frequency Drive in Power System, Case study: Tabriz Pump station,\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56286\/ntujet.v1i4.369\">NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Automatismo Industrial. \u00abFrenado por Contracorriente.\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/automatismoindustrial.com\/curso-carnet-instalador-baja-tension\/d-automatizacion\/1-6-logica-cableada\/frenado-por-contracorriente\/\">AutomatismoIndustrial.com<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raspberry Pi. \u00abRaspberry Pi Pico Documentation.\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.raspberrypi.com\/documentation\/microcontrollers\/raspberry-pi-pico.html\">Raspberry Pi Documentation<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N. Ch\u00e1fer-Navarro, et al., \u00abCase Studies of Delta-Star Motor Connection Faults in Manufacturing Machines,\u00bb <a>Machine Diagnosis Research and Applications<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n En la ingenier\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica, el m\u00e9todo de arranque WYE-Delta es esencial para el arranque suave de motores de inducci\u00f3n. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6484,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sin-categoria"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6484"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124\/revisions\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.utp.edu.co\/juanestebanrodriguezvillada\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}